Osy mindetterdi sheshý úshin ónimderdiń keń spektri bar jańa joǵary tehnologiialyq kásiporyndar qurý qajet. Atap aitqanda, bul importqa táýeldi lak-boiaý materialdary naryǵyna (LBM) qatysty. Negizinen, Eýropa, Túrkiia jáne Birikken Arab Ámirlikterinen importtalatyn ónerkásiptik maqsattaǵy epoksidti jáne poliýretandy lak-boiaý jabyndarynyń sapasy joǵary. Qazaqstanda mundai LBM óndirisi is júzinde joq, Qazaqstannyń ónerkásiptik LBM naryǵy zor áleýetke ie bolǵanyna qaramastan, ony tutyný kólemi 400 mln AQSh dollaryn quraidy.
Qazaqstandyq óndirýshiler sándik-qasbettik lak-boiaý materialdary tobyna jatatyn organikalyq eritkish jáne sýdispersiialyq lak-boiaý materialdaryn shyǵarady. Jabyn óndirisinde organikalyq eritkish negizindegi materialdardy qoldaný arqyly joǵary ónimdilikke qol jetkizgenimen, ushpa organikalyq qosylystardyń kóp bolýyna bailanysty boiaýdyń ýyttylyǵy artady.
Sýdispersiialyq boiaýlarda ushpa organikalyq qosylystar az mólsherde kezdesedi, sondyqtan ol ekologiialyq taza jáne qoldanýǵa tiimdi.
Naryqta boiaýdyń bul túri negizinen bir ǵana túrmen usynylǵan, bul – sý negizindegi akril boiaýy. Onyń negizgi kemshilikteri – az ýaqyt ótse de, jabyn kógerip, boiaýy aǵyp, material shógip nemese tartylyp, kei tustary túsip ketýi múmkin.
Osyǵan qaramastan, akrildi boiaýǵa negizdelgen kompozitsiialyq boiaýlar men laktardy paidalaný únemdi, óitkeni onyń óndiristik shyǵyndary az. Akrildi kompozitsiialyq boiaýlardyń basty artyqshylyqtarynyń biri – olar qalpyna kelý qabiletine ie, al daiyn ónimniń fizikalyq jáne mehanikalyq qasietteri ózgermeidi. Árine, mundai taýarlar tutyný naryǵynda sátti básekelese alady.
Ál-Farabi atyndaǵy QazUÝ ǵalymdar tobynyń burynǵy ǵylymi-zertteý jumystarynyń nátijesinde QR UǴA akademigi, h.ǵ.d., professor E.Shaihýtdinovtiń basshylyǵymen tabiǵi resýrstardy utymdy paidalaný, shikizat pen ónimdi qaita óńdeý basymdyǵy boiynsha qoldanbaly sipattaǵy – «Jaqsartylǵan sipattamalary bar jańa ekologiialyq qaýipsiz, tuzsyz akril boiaýlarynyń tájiribelik-ónerkásiptik óndirisiniń tehnologiiasyn ázirleý jáne praktikalyq iske asyrý» jobasy jumys istedi.
Ondaǵy maqsat – jańa akril boiaýlaryn alýdyń jańa tehnologiiasy zerthanalyq jaǵdaida ónerkásiptik jáne azamattyq qoldanýǵa arnalǵan beriktigi, qanyqtyǵy jáne qattylyǵy joǵary akril boiaýlaryn alý.
Nátijesinde polimerleýdiń ońtaily sharttary jáne sopolimerler men monomerlerdiń qatynasy anyqtaldy. Bul organikalyq jáne sý eritkishteri joq, tuzsyz boiaýlar dep atalatyn ónerkásiptik maqsattaǵy jaqsartylǵan ónimdilik sipattamalary bar ekologiialyq taza akrilat emaldaryn alýǵa múmkindik berdi.
Alynǵan ónim importtalatyn ónerkásiptik maqsattaǵy epoksidti, poliýretandy jáne sýdispersiialyq akrilatty boiaýlarmen salystyrǵanda neǵurlym joǵary fizika-mehanikalyq sipattamalarǵa ie.
«Ǵylym qory» AQ jáne «WARDA STAR» JShS jeke seriktesi qarjylandyratyn «Jaqsartylǵan sipattamalary bar tuzsyz akrilatsyz boiaýlardyń tájiribelik-ónerkásiptik óndirisin qurý» (PhD jetekshisi L.Aǵybaeva) kommertsiialandyrý jobasy QR BǴM granttyq qarjylandyrý zertteý jobasynyń logikalyq jalǵasy bolyp tabylady.
Bul ishki naryqqa importty almastyratyn jańa, joǵary tiimdi lak-boiaý materialdaryn engizýge múmkindik beredi. Jobany iske asyrý nátijesinde korroziialyq belsendiligi joǵary, quny 15-20 paiyzǵa arzandatylǵan, reagentteri az, qalypty temperatýrany qoldana otyryp jasalǵan ekologiialyq qaýipsiz akrilatty lakboiaý materialdaryn alýdyń jańa únemdi tehnologiiasy ázirlendi.
Tehnologiia akril monomeriniń eritindisindegi akril sopolimer untaǵynyń 30-35°C temperatýrada ózara árekettesýine negizdelgen, nátijesinde arnaiy katalizatorlar men údetkishterdiń, toltyrǵyshtar men qospalardyń qatysýymen erkin radikaldy kondensatsiia reaktsiiasy nátijesinde ózin-ózi rastaityn sirop qospasy paida bolady.
Arnaiy katalizatorlardy qosý uqsas epoksidti nemese poliýretandy boiaýlarmen salystyrǵanda (keptirý ýaqyty 12-24 saǵat) áldeqaida joǵary retteletin keptirý jyldamdyǵymen (1-60 min) jańa ónimdi alýǵa múmkindik beredi.
Ázirlengen tehnologiia men ónimniń negizgi básekelestik artyqshylyqtary:
– únemdilik, óndiristiń tómen temperatýralaryn qoldaný, az ýaqytta, shamamen 45 minýtta alý tehnologiiasy, protsestiń qarapaiymdylyǵy;
– LBM alýdyń tuzsyz tehnologiiasy, bul ekologiialyq taza jabyn alýǵa múmkindik beredi;
– paidalaný temperatýrasy –450S jáne +500S aralyǵynda, iaǵni qysta da, jazda da qatar qoldanýǵa bolady;
– qyzmet merzimi kem degende 7-10 jyl, mehanikalyq beriktigi joǵary, sýdyń, himiialyq reagentterdiń áserine tózimdi.
Alynǵan boiaý metall betterdiń korroziiaǵa qarsy jabyny retinde, parkingterdiń, saýda ortalyqtarynyń, ónerkásiptik kásiporyndardyń jáne jabyndardyń mehanikalyq beriktigine qoiylatyn joǵary talaptary bar kez kelgen basqa bólmelerdiń jabyny retinde qoldanyla alady.
2022 jylǵy 21 qańtarda «WARDA STAR» JShS óndiristik alańynyń bazasynda «Ǵylym qory» AQ-nyń «Jaqsartylǵan sipattamalary bar tuzsyz akrilat boiaýlarynyń tájiribelik-ónerkásiptik óndirisin qurý» jobasyn iske asyrý sheńberinde júzege asyrylatyn tuzsyz akrilat boiaýlarynyń tájiribelik-ónerkásiptik óndirisi iske qosyldy.
Óndiris aiasynda jylyna 50-100 tonnaǵa deiin tuzsyz akrilatsyz boiaýlar shyǵarylýy múmkin. Bastapqy kezeńde akrilat boiaýlarynyń eki markasy shyǵarylady:
– Base coat WS NG 302. Negizgi eden jabyny tamaq, óndiris, himiia, taý-ken, mashina jasaý jáne bastapqy ónerkásipte (sút zaýyttary, et óńdeý, óńdeý kásiporyndary jáne t.b.) keńinen qoldanylady.
– Primer WS NG 102. Ng 102 ónimi kontsentratsiialanǵan akrildi praimer bolyp tabylady, ol jabyndardyń adgeziiasyn jaqsartady jáne beton betterin daiyndaý úshin qoldanylady.
Akril boiaýyn óndiretin kásiporyndy iske qosý arqyly biz tek otandyq óndirýshini ǵana emes, sonymen qatar importtyq ónim baǵasynan 15-20 paiyz tómen taýar usyný arqyly otandyq tutynýshylardy da qoldaimyz. Jaqsartylǵan sipattamalary bar akril boiaýyna usynylatyn baǵa tek Qazaqstan naryǵynda básekelesýge ǵana emes, sondai-aq ónimdi EýrAzEQ elderine jáne alys shetelderge eksporttaýǵa múmkindik beredi.
Bul yqtimal importty almastyrý maqsatynda básekelestik pozitsiiany jaqsartady. Osy jobada kózdelgen jumystar júzege asyrylsa, ol ekonomika, ekologiia jáne áleýmettik salalarǵa da oń ózgeris ákelmek. Óitkeni jańa akril boiaýynyń óndirisi Qazaqstannyń ónerkásiptik jáne azamattyq qurylys keshenin jaqsartylǵan sipattamalary bar otandyq materialmen qamtamasyz etedi; akrildi boiaý óndirisi qurylys, himiia ónerkásibi jáne t.b. siiaqty ónerkásiptiń basqa da salalarynyń damýyna yqpal etedi; alynǵan akril boiaýy Qazaqstan men basqa elderdiń naryǵynda qazirgi ýaqytta óndiriste jáne qurylysta qoldanylatyn álemge áigili lak-boiaý materialdaryn almastyrady.
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