Shuraily Shyǵysqa barǵan jan Óskemen qalasyndaǵy etnoaýyldy mindetti túrde kórýi tiis. Túrli ult pen ulys ókilderi shoǵyrlanǵan Shyǵys Qazaqstan oblysynyń tabiǵatyn tamashalaǵysy kelgender Óskemenge aiaq basqanda eń áýeli qalanyń kórkine kórik qosqan etnoaýyldy tamashalamai ketse, ólkeniń syrǵa toly tarihynan tolyq habardar bolýy neǵaibyl. Bul saiabaq – osy óńirdegi halyqtyń salt-dástúri men ádet-ǵurpynan, kásibi men tarihynan jan-jaqty maǵlumat beretin biregei keshen.
Ertistiń sol jaq qanatyna oryn tepken keshenniń ereksheligin sózben aityp jetkizý qiyn. Óskemendegi sáýlettik-etnografiialyq jáne tabiǵi-landshaftty qoryq-murajaiynyń direktory Nikolai Zaitsevtyń aitýynsha, saiabaqtyń orny bir kezderi eski qurylystardyń orny eken. Óziniń sanaly ǵumyryn qalany kóriktendirýge arnaǵan qala turǵyny osy jerdi saiabaqqa ainaldyrýdy kópten armandapty. Qazir bul saiabaq qala halqynyń demalatyn orny ǵana emes, qalalyq, respýblikalyq, halyqaralyq túrli is-sharalardy uiymdastyratyn kóńildi mekenniń de jarshysyna ainalǵan. Mereke-meiram kezinde saiabaq ishi án men kúige bólenip, ártúrli kontserttik baǵdarlamalardy usynady. Merekelerge arnalǵan jiyn-toilardy ótkizetin arnaiy alańqai únemi is-sharalar ótkizýden bosamaidy.
Munda bas suqqan ár adamǵa arnaiy úidi kútip-baptap otyrǵan tanystyrýshylar egjei-tegjeili syr shertedi. Mysaly, káris halqynyń qonysjaiyn tamashalasańyz, olardyń kókónis ósirýge, egin sharýashylyǵyna epti halyq ekenin, úilerin bezendirýde ózderine tán shyǵystyq mánerdi saqtap, ár iske uqyptylyqpen qaraityn elgezek minezin baiqaisyz. Aita keterligi, osy úilerdegi jádigerlerdiń deni qonysjailardyń tarihi sipatyna sai jasalǵan.
Qala halqynyń sózine júginer bolsaq, bul kúnderi óskemendik qonaqtardy osynda ertip kelýdi ádetke ainaldyrypty.
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Eń bastysy, bul saiabaqqa qydyrǵan jandar áýeli etnoaýyldaǵy qazaq, orys, ýkrain, uiǵyr, káris, tatar, belorýs, sheshen sekildi ondaǵan ulttyń eski qonysjailarymen tanysa alady. Ártúrli arhitektýralyq negizde boi kótergen eski qonystardyń kóshesin aralai júrip, Siz qazaq dalasyndaǵy ulttar men ulystardyń birneshe ǵasyrlyq tarihymen tanysasyz ári onyń árbirine bas suǵyp, sol ulttardyń túrli kezeńdegi ózgeristerin, úi jihazdaryn, otbasylyq qaǵidalaryn, turmystyq sharýashylyq negizderin, tutynǵan buiymdary men kásiptik aiyrmashylyqtaryn baiqai alasyz. Munda bas suqqan ár adamǵa arnaiy úidi kútip-baptap otyrǵan tanystyrýshylar egjei-tegjeili syr shertedi. Mysaly, káris halqynyń qonysjaiyn tamashalasańyz, olardyń kókónis ósirýge, egin sharýashylyǵyna epti halyq ekenin, úilerin bezendirýde ózderine tán shyǵystyq mánerdi saqtap, ár iske uqyptylyqpen qaraityn elgezek minezin baiqaisyz. Aita keterligi, osy úilerdegi jádigerlerdiń deni qonysjailardyń tarihi sipatyna sai jasalǵan. Ol jádigerlerdi halyq arasynan arnaiy jinap, osynda toptastyrylǵany murajai-qoryq basshylyǵynyń uqypty tirliginiń bir kórinisi deýge bolady. Úilerge bas suqqanda týra ótken dáýirge tap bolǵanyńyzdy, jasandy, jyltyraqtan ada, talai syrdy ishine bukken zattarǵa qarap, tutas halyqtyń bolmys-bitimin, tirshilik daǵdysyn kórý múmkindigine ie bolasyz. Eger zertteýshiler, etnograftar barar bolsa, bizdiń dalany mekendegen ulystardyń tynys-tirshiliginiń bir qainaryn qapysyz osy jerden tabady. Jeti gektardy alyp jatqan aýyldar shoǵyry túrli tarihi kezeńdi qamtyǵanyn basa aitqan jón. Ýaqyt aiyrmashylyǵy da kózge birden urynady. Úilerdiń aldyndaǵy shaǵyn anyqtamalyqqa qai qonystyń qai kezeńge tán ekeni de jazylǵan. Al ár ulttyń qonystaryn turǵyzar kezde oblystaǵy mádeniet ortalyqtarymen jiti aqyldasyp, ár eksponatqa jiti nazar aýdarǵany baiqalady.
Kóne ǵasyrlardaǵy Dándibai jáne Ulan aýdanynyń Kúngei qonysyndaǵy tas úilerdiń kóshirmesi bizdi atamzamandaǵy mádeniet pen órkeniet dáýirine bastamai turmady.
HH ǵasyrdyń 30-jyldaryndaǵy otyryqshy qazaq qonysy sándi de sáýletti bolǵanyna qaramastan, sol shaqtaǵy halyqtyń aýmaly-tókpeli tarihyn da tańbalap turǵandai. Kóne ǵasyrlardaǵy Dándibai jáne Ulan aýdanynyń Kúngei qonysyndaǵy tas úilerdiń kóshirmesi bizdi atamzamandaǵy mádeniet pen órkeniet dáýirine bastamai turmady. Qazaq kóship-qonyp júrgen, otyryqshylyqty mynda úirendi deitin atústi túsinik osy úilerdi kórgen kez kelgen jan úshin jalǵan ekenin óz-ózinen aityp turǵanyna kýá bolasyz. HIH ǵasyrdyń sońyndaǵy orys kenshileriniń úii, HH ǵasyrdyń birinshi jartysyndaǵy poliak, uiǵyr qonystary men sol ǵasyrdyń orta shenindegi tatar, ózbek, armiandardyń dástúrli úi-jailarynyń úlgisi, evrei men sheshenniń qarapaiym da kúrdeli turaqtary aralaýshylardy beijai qaldyrmaidy. Týysqan ózbek, qyrǵyz halyqtardyń qonysjailaryn da tamashalaýdyń múmkindigi mol.
Qazaq qonysynyń Abaidyń sońǵy on jyl ómirin ótkizgen Jidebaidaǵy úiine uqsatyp salynǵany da tekten tek emes. Abaidyń zamanynda tek aqsúiekter, dala aristokrattary salǵyzǵan úilerdiń bezendirilý ereksheligi de kórgendi tánti eterliktei.
Bul tek etnoaýylmen shektelmeidi. Munda kelgender qaiyqpen serýendep, tynyshtyqqa uiyǵan baý-baqsha, orman-toǵaidy da tamashalap, ǵajaiyp tabiǵattyń jarasymdy qalpyna tańyrqamai tura almaidy. Jasyl jamylǵyǵa oranǵan aýmaqta ósimdiktiń 500-den astam túri ósiriledi. Toǵaidyń ishinen neshetúrli qustar án salyp, ýyljyǵan tabiǵatty ásem kúige bóleidi.
Anadaidan kózge ottai basylatyn Abai úii iri jiyndar ótkizetin biregei jer. Munda oblystyq jáne respýblikalyq mádeni sharalar jii ótip, túrli konkýrstardyń qorytyndysy shyǵarylady. Sheberler men ustalar bas qosqan sheberhanada jas jetkinshekterdi túrli ulttyq buiymdar jasaýǵa baýlidy. Saiabaq basshylyǵy qazirdiń ózinde sheberhanada demalys kezin ótkizip, óner úirengisi keletinderdiń sany artyp kele jatqanyn aitady. Balalar etnoaýyldaǵy buiymdardy tolyqtyryp, óziniń ulttyq dástúrin úirenip, túrli kásiptik bilim alýǵa múmkindik týǵanyna riza deidi sheberhana ustazdary. Tipti, jastar ǵana emes, egde adamdardyń ózi sheberhanaǵa kelýge áýes eken. Bul jerde eńbek etip sharshamaidy, qaita rýhani áńgime men jarasymdy tirshilikti kórip, demalyp qaitady degen bailamyn jetkizgen sheberler jastardy igi jumysqa baýlý – basty maqsattary ekendigin jasyrmaidy.
Etnosaiabaq jyl ótken saiyn damyp, kemeline kele túsýde. Oblys basshysy Danial Ahmetov saiabaqty odan ary jetildirý, damytý úshin barlyq shart-jaǵdai týǵyzatynyn málimdep, oblystyq biýdjetten tolaiym qarjy bólýge járdemdesip otyrǵanyn saiabaq direktory rizashylyqpen atap ótti.
T. TAŃJARYQ
Nikolai Zaitsev, qoryq-murajai direktory:
– Bul aýyl barsha qazaqstandyqtarǵa tatýlyq pen birlikti dáripteitin ortalyqqa ainalyp úlgerdi. Jyldyń barlyq mezgilinde arnaiy at basyn buratyn qonaqtardyń aiaǵy sýymaidy. Olar murajai-qoryqty aralai júrip, ózderine erekshe demalys syilaǵanymyzǵa raqmetterin jaýdyryp ketedi. Mundaǵy árbir eksponat, árbir buiym, landshafttyq bezendirýdiń zor máni bar. Óskemen qalasy aýyr ónerkásibimen ǵana emes, kórkem tabiǵatymen de áigili bolýǵa tiis. Oǵan barlyq múmkindigi jetkilikti.Qazir elimizdiń ár aimaǵynda osyndai saiabaqtar boi kóterip, qalalardyń kórki kirip keledi. Eń alǵash bizdiń oblys osy jumysty qolǵa alǵan kezde, Elbasy N.Nazarbaev basqa óńirlerge de osyndai etnoaýyldar kerek ekenin aitqan edi.
Qalamyz taza bolsa, ol kórikti bolsa, adamdar da soǵan sai bolýǵa umtylady. Qalanyń tazalyǵy – Siz ben bizdiń qolymyzda. Jasyl gúlzar kómkergen oryndardyń kóbeigenin kórgen saiyn qýanamyn. Ertistiń eki jaǵalaýyn jóndeý jumysyn kel salyp qolǵa alǵan óńir basshysynyń ár isin quptaimyn. Óitkeni, eldiń ósip-órkendeýi ainalamyzdaǵy jarasymdy dúnielerden, igi jumystardan baiqalady.
Oblys basshysy Danial Ahmetov saiabaqty odan ary damytýdy tapsyrdy. Biz óńir basshysynyń qamqorlyǵyna shyn júrekten alǵys aitamyz.
Dýman Tanabasov
