Májilis depýtaty Murat Ábenov kólik-logistika salasynyń sarapshysy Janna Isinǵarinanyń Qytai – Qyrǵyzstan – Ózbekstan temirjol jobasyna qatysty taldaýyn jariialady. Onda bul bastamanyń Qazaqstannyń tranzittik áleýetine tóndiretin qaýipteri egjei-tegjeili sipattalǵan, dep habarlaidy Dalanews.kz.
Sóz bolyp otyrǵan joba — Qytai, Qyrǵyzstan jáne Ózbekstan birlesip iske asyryp jatqan Qashǵar – Jalal-Abad – Ándijan temirjol dálizi. Maqalada bul joba keiingi 20 jylda aimaqtaǵy tranzittik logistikaǵa eleýli ózgeris ákeletin mańyzdy ári kúrdeli infraqurylymdyq bastama bolatyny jazylǵan.
Jobanyń negizi nede?
Qytai, Qyrǵyzstan jáne Ózbekstan arasyndaǵy iri infraqurylymdyq joba – Qashǵar – Jalal-Abad – Ándijan temirjoly resmi túrde júzege asa bastady. Qyrǵyzstan aýmaǵynan ótetin bul temirjol qurylysynyń alǵashqy tonneli 2025 jyldyń mamyr aiynda bastaldy.
Jobanyń jalpy uzyndyǵy 310 shaqyrymdy quraidy. Qurylys nysandarynyń 40 paiyzy – tonnelder men kópirlerden turady. Iaǵni shamamen 100 shaqyrymnan astam bóligi taý silemderi arqyly ótedi.
Jobanyń jalpy quny – 8 milliard dollar. Onyń ishinde Qytai 2,35 milliard dollardy nesie túrinde beredi. Negizgi investor – Qytai tarapynan anyqtalyp otyr, bul el jobadaǵy 51 paiyz úleske ie.
Temirjoldyń taban eni aralas bolady: Qytaidan Qyrǵyzstandaǵy Makmalǵa deiin – 1435 mm, al odan keiin Ózbekstanǵa deiin – 1520 mm. Bul ártúrli ólshemdegi vagondardyń úilesimdi qozǵalysyn qamtamasyz etýge baǵyttalǵan.
Atalǵan joba shamamen 30 jyl boiy túrli kelissózder men saiasi-ekonomikalyq kelispeýshilikter saldarynan keiinge qalyp kelgen. Alaida sońǵy jyldary taraptardyń múddesi toǵysyp, Qyrǵyzstan óziniń ishki infraqurylymyn kúsheitip qana qoimai, aimaqtyq tranzittik marshrýtqa qosylýdyń tiimdi jolyn usyndy.
“Sarapshynyń pikirinshe, bul temirjol Qytaidan Ortalyq Aziia arqyly Iran men Túrkiia baǵytyna júk tasymaldaýdyń jańa balamaly jolyna ainalýy múmkin. Sonymen qatar bul baǵyt Qazaqstan tranzitine básekeles retinde qarastyrylady”, — deidi depýtat.
Qazaqstanǵa qaýip neden týyndaýy múmkin?
Atalǵan temirjol Qazaqstannyń tranzittik áleýetine aitarlyqtai qysym túsirýi múmkin.
1. Qazaqstan tranzittik monopoliiasynan aiyrylýy múmkin
Jańa marshrýt Qytaidan Ortalyq Aziia arqyly Iran men Eýropaǵa aparatyn balamaly baǵyt retinde qarastyrylyp jatyr. Sonyń nátijesinde Qazaqstan Eýraziialyq qurlyqtaǵy tranzittik hab retindegi burynǵy basymdyǵynan aiyrylýy yqtimal.
Sarapshynyń aitýynsha, Qytaidyń geosaiasi baǵyty ózgerip jatqan qazirgi kezeńde bul qaýip ózekti bola tústi.
2. Qazaqstandy ainalyp ótetin jańa dáliz qalyptasýy múmkin
Qytai – Qyrǵyzstan – Ózbekstan temirjoly Ortalyq dálizdiń ońtústik tarmaǵy retinde ornyǵýy yqtimal. Mundai jaǵdaida Qazaqstannyń TRACECA jáne TITR sekildi halyqaralyq kólik bastamalaryndaǵy yqpaly tómendeýi múmkin.
3. Shekaradaǵy ótkizý pýnktteriniń júktemesi azaiady
Qazirgi ýaqytta tranzittik júktiń negizgi aǵyny Dostyq jáne Baqty ótkelderi arqyly ótedi. Jańa dáliz bul aǵyndy ózine tartyp, atalǵan infraqurylymdarǵa salynǵan investitsiialardyń qaitarymyn tómendetýi múmkin.
4. Ózbekstan jańa artyqshylyqtarǵa ie bolady
Qazirge deiin Qazaqstan – Ózbekstan baǵyty mańyzdy tranzit arnasy sanalsa, endi Ózbekstan Qytai jáne Qyrǵyzstan arqyly Qazaqstandy ainalyp ótetin baǵytty tiimdi paidalana bastaidy. Bul óz kezeginde eki el arasyndaǵy tranzittik áriptestikke salmaq salady.
Sarapshylardyń pikirinshe, Qazaqstan bul ózgeristerge tek baqylaýshy retinde qaramaýy kerek. Kerisinshe, óz tranzittik artyqshylyqtaryn saqtap qalý úshin shuǵyl jáne keshendi sharalar qabyldaýy qajet.
Qazaqstan ne isteýi kerek?
Qytai – Qyrǵyzstan – Ózbekstan temirjol jobasy júzege asa bastaǵan tusta Qazaqstan óz tranzittik áleýetin saqtap qalý úshin belsendi qadamdarǵa barýy qajet.
Sarapshynyń aitýynsha, Qazaqstan qazirgi jaǵdaida shette qalǵan baqylaýshy emes, belsendi oiynshy bolýǵa tiis. Ol úshin úsh baǵytta naqty sharalar qolǵa alynýy kerek:
1. Bastamashyl bolý:
– Baqty – Aiagóz temirjol jobasyn shuǵyl túrde júzege asyrý;
– Qorǵas pen Saryaǵashtaǵy qurlyq porttarynyń qýatyn arttyrý;
– Shekaradaǵy rásimderdi tsifrlandyryp, jeńildetý;
– Ózbekstan jáne Qytaimen birlesken logistikalyq platformalardy iske qosý.
2. Básekelestik emes, yntymaqtastyq:
Sarapshylardyń paiymynsha, Qazaqstan Ózbekstanmen básekege túspei, kerisinshe, eki eldiń baǵyttaryn biriktire otyryp, ortaq kólik-logistikalyq klaster qurýy qajet. Bul ózara tolyqtyratyn infraqurylymdy qalyptastyryp, aimaqtyq yqpaldy arttyrady.
3. “Gibridti logistika” modeline kóshý:
El tek temirjol nemese ótkel salýǵa emes, logistikalyq qyzmetterdi basqarý men operatorlar júiesine investitsiia salýy tiis. Bul baǵytta tehnologiia men senimge negizdelgen turaqty logistikalyq ekojúie qurý ózekti.
Sarapshynyń aitýynsha, Qytai – Qyrǵyzstan – Ózbekstan jobasy tek úsh eldi bailanystyryp qana qoimai, Ortalyq Aziiadaǵy kólik logistikasyna jańa mazmun berip otyr. Mundai jaǵdaida Qazaqstan tek baqylaýshy rólinde qalmai, júk aǵynyn ózine tartatyn ortalyq bolýǵa umtylýy tiis.
