Ulttyq elita Semeide shoǵyrlandy
Semeidiń Alashorda avtonomiialy úkimetiniń astanasy bolǵany, shahardyń sol jaǵalaýy 10 jyl boiy, Alash qalasy atanǵany belgili. Dálirek aitsaq 1917 jyldyń 13 jeltoqsanynda Orynborda II jalpyqazaq quryltai jiynynda Alashorda ulttyq-territoriialyq avtonomiiasynyń astanasy etip «Alash» qalasyn belgileý týraly sheshim qabyldanyp, avtonomiianyń basshylyǵy Alash qalasyna 1918 jyldyń naýryz aiynda kóship kelip ornalasty.
Osy data Semei qalasynyń resmi túrde astana bolǵanyn kórsetedi. Alash Orda úkimetin Orta Aziia aimaǵyndaǵy eń yqpaldy, basty saiasi kúshke ainaldyrǵan qazaq halqynyń «Ulttyq saiasi elitasy» Semeide shoǵyrlandy. Sondyqtan da, Semei degende, Alash arystary birden oiǵa oralady. Sebebi, Alash ideiasynyń altyn besigi, asyl ózegi bolǵan Semei qalasynyń XX ǵ. basyndaǵy saiasi yqpaly, ekonomikalyq belsendiligi, ómir súrý sapasy óte joǵary edi.
Alash uǵymyndaǵy rýhtyq, asqaqtyq, órlik halyq buqarasyn dúr silkindirip, tarihi úrdistiń jańǵyrýy men damýyn jedeldete tústi.
Qazaqtyń asa kórnekti jazýshysy, dramatýrg Júsipbek Aimaýytov: «Semei – bir gýberniia eldiń miy. Aqyl-oidyń tabysy Semeide. Semei – bir gýberniia eldiń júregi. Semei búlkildese, bir gýberniia el búlkildeidi.»dep ádil baǵasyn bergen. Sodan beri Semei – ult saiasatynyń kindigin kesken biregei qala bolyp sanalady.
Semei rýhaniiattyń qainar kózi
Qazaqstandaǵy kóne mýzeilerdiń biri – Semeidiń oblystyq tarihi-ólketaný mýzeii 1883 jyly saiasi jer aýdarylǵan orys demokrattary E.P. Mihaelis, M.I. Dolgopolov, P. D. Lobanovskii jáne qazaq halqynyń uly aqyny Abai Qunanbaiulynyń bastamasymen qurylǵan bolatyn.1917 jyldyń kúz aiynda Tomsk qalasynda ótken Sibir avtonomisteriniń sezine qatysyp qaitqan Álihan Bókeihandy Semei jurtshylyǵy aldymen burynǵy oblys gýbernatorynyń úii, qazirgi Semei tarihi-ólketaný murajaiy ǵimaratynda qushaq jaia karsy alady. Ol ýaqytta bul ǵimarat - «Bostandyq úii» bolyp atalǵan eken. 1917 jyldyń sáýir aiynda Bostandyq úii dep atalatyn bul ǵimaratta Semei qazaqtarynyń tuńǵysh oblystyq sezi ótedi. Onda Qazaq avtonomiiasy týraly másele tuńǵysh ret kóterilip, ulttyq memleketimizdi qurý jóninde sheshim qabyldanady.
Mine, osy jiynda ǵulama aqyn Shákárim Qudaiberdiuly sezd delegattaryn quttyqtap, sóz sóileidi.
Sonymen qatar 1883 jyly Semei shaharynda qoǵamdyq kitaphana ashyldy. Bul rýhani ordadan Abaidyń orys dostarynan bastap, alash ziialylarynyń bir top shoǵyry sýsyndap ótken. Abaidyń álemdik ádebiet shyǵarmalarymen tanys bolýyna úlken yqpal etken de osy Semei oblystyq kitaphanasynyń ashylýy edi.
Semei - Alashtyń júregi. Qalada ǵasyrdan asatyn tarihy bar ǵimarattar kóp. Solardyń biri 1903 jyly irgetasy qalanǵan elimizde alǵash ashylǵan muǵalimderdi daiarlaityn oqý ordasy. Qarashańyraqta zamanymyzdyń zańǵar jazýshysy Muhtar Áýezov, alash arysy, dramatýrg Júsipbek Aimaýytov, Qazaq KSR Ǵylym akademiiasynyń tuńǵysh prezidenti Qanysh Sátpaev, Álkei Marǵulan, qazaq óneriniń shoqtyǵy biik tulǵasy,belgili rejisser, akter Sháken Aimanov syndy ult ziialylary bilim alyp, aǵartýshylyq, qairatkerlik, jazýshylyq, ǵalymdyq qadamdaryn bastady.
Qazaqtyń talantty jastary oqyǵan Semei muǵalimder seminariiasy qazir Muhtar Áýezov atymen atalatyn pedogogikalyq kolledj zamanǵa sai jóndelgen, alash arystarynyń esimimmen atalatyn aýditoriialarda jastar bilim nárimen sýsyndap júr. Qazaqstandaǵy iri mádeni ortalyqtyń biri, elimizdiń tarihyndaǵy tuńǵysh ádebi murajai, Alashtyń rýhani astanasyndaǵy rýhaniiattyń ordasy Abai murajaiy. Zamanymyzdyń zańǵar jazýshysy Muhtar Áýezovtyń usynysy boiynsha hakimniń 95 jyldyq mereitoiy qarsańynda 1940 jyly ashyldy.
Búginde Abaidyń memlekettik tarihi jáne ádebi-memorialdyq qoryq-murajaiynyń qorynda aqynnyń ózine jáne ainalasyndaǵy jandarǵa qatysty 20 myńnan astam qundy jádigerler bar. Abai Qunanbaiulynyń 175 jyldyq mereitoiyna orai mýzei kúrdeli jóndeýden ótip, zamanaýi qurylǵylarmen jabdyqtaldy.
Semei rýhaniiattyń ordasy dep tegin aitylmaǵan.
Sózimniń dáleli retinde qazaq jerinde Abai Qunanbaiulynyń qaitys bolýyna on jyl tolýyna orai qazaq qyzdarynan shyqqan ustaz, etnograf, aýdarmashy, jýrnalist Názipa Quljanova 1914 jyly 26 qańtarda ádebi kesh uiymdastyrdy.
Sol tustaǵy qazaq halqynyń mádeni ómirinde eleýli oryn aldy. 1920 jyly Qazaqstanda eń alǵash arhiv Semei qalasynda ashyldy. 1920- jyly 29- naýryzda elimizde alǵashqylardyń biri bolyp ashylǵan muraǵat, barlyq vedomstvolyq mekemelermen tyǵyz qarym-qatynas ornatqan.
Arhivte «Alash» ziialylaryna qatysty qundy málimetter, 20 ǵasyrda jariialanǵan merzimdik basylymdar, túrli salalyq mekemelerdiń is-qaǵazdary, statistikalyq maǵlumattar ret-retimen belgilenip, saqtalǵan. Myńdaǵan qor jinaǵy – Semeidiń Ertis óńiri tarihynan syr shertip, ólkemizdiń áleýmettik damýyn, Semei qalasynyń Qazaqstandaǵy iri ónerkásip jáne mádeni ortalyǵyna ainalǵanyn kórsetedi.
Búgingi tańda barlyq qundy derekter zaman talabyna sai sandyq nusqaǵa kóshirilýde. Qazaqstandaǵy tuńǵysh telegrafta Semeide ashylǵan. 1918 jyly 20 naýryzda «Alashorda» tóraǵasy Álihan Bókeihannyń tapsyrýymen Halel Ǵabbasov avtonomiia qurý jóninde Semeiden telegraf arqyly Stalinmen kelissóz júrgizgeni tarihtan málim.
Ejelden óner men mádeniettiń ordasy, ulttyq saiasi qozǵalystyń ortalyǵy bolǵan Semeidegi Abai atyndaǵy qazaq mýzykaly-drama teatry búkil qazaq teatry óneriniń qarashańyraǵy bolyp sanalady. Oǵan dálel, 1917 jyly Muhtar Áýezovtyń basshylyǵymen «Oiqudyq» jailaýynda qoiylǵan «Eńlik-Kebek» pesasy qazaq elindegi jańa ónerdiń tusaýkeseri boldy.
1920 jyldary quramyna áigili Ámire, Isa, Jumat, Qalibek syndy maitalman óner ielerin toptastyrǵan «Es-Aimaq» teatry, tek 1934 jyly ǵana resmi túrde bekitildi. Elimizde alǵashqy kieli meken Semeide tsirk óneri bastaý alǵan desedi. Jaýryny jerge timegen, orasan kúshtiń iesi ataqty Qajymuqan óner kórsetip, ertis jaǵasyndaǵy turǵyndarǵa keremet kesh silaǵan eken. HH ǵasyrdyń basynda shaharda júzdegen adamdar palýandardyń, aýyr salmaq kóteretin alyp kúsh ielerin, tańǵajaiyp qimyl-áreket jasaýshylardyń ónerin tamashalaǵan. Al 1914 jyly t Semei gýberniiasynyń absoliýttik chempiony ataǵyna tuńǵysh ret birinshilik ótti.
Semei rýhy biik, alashshyl azamattardyń kindik qany tamǵan kieli jerde qazaq ádebietiniń Abaitaný mektebiniń negizin qalaýshylardyń biri, aqyn,jazýshy, belgili ǵalym, alashtyń sońǵy tuiaǵy Qaiym Muhamedhanov. 1943 jyly Qazaq Keńes sotsialistik Respýblikasynyń memlekettik ánuranyn jazýǵa baiqaý jariialanady.
Nátijesinde 27 jastaǵy alashshyl azamat Qaiymnyń mátini qabyldanyp, Keńestik Qazaq eliniń tuńǵysh án uranynyń avtory atanyp, 1943-1992 jyldar aralyǵynda elimizde shyrqaldy.
Semei - kieli meken
Semei men alash egiz uǵym. Kóne túrkilerge jatatyn sary uiǵyrlar taipasynyń tilinde «Semei» sózi «kieli meken» degen maǵynany bildirse, «alash» sózi túrki tilinde baýyrlas, qandas degen uǵymda.
Demek HH ǵasyrdyń basynda kieli shaharda alash arystary bir múdde, bip maqsat jolynda birigip, bostandyq pen táýelsizdiktiń týy Semeide tigildi.
Semei qalasy-ulttyq rýhaniiatymyz ben mádenietimizdiń, ádebietpen ónerdiń ordasy. Qazaq halqynyń rýhani damýyna ólsheýsiz úles qosqan qaietti meken.
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Oljas SÚLEIMENOV, aqyn, Qazaqstannyń halyq jazýshysy:
"Semei adam sengisiz qiyndyqtarǵa tap boldy"
Revoliýtsiiaǵa deiin Semei qazaq dalasynyń bas qalasy boldy. Sol kezdegi intelegentsiia ókilderi osy shaharǵa jinaldy. Alyptar týǵan ólke qazaq aqyl-oiynyń ordasy edi. Alashordanyń ókilderi, Semei shaharyn bolashaqta Qazaqstannyń astanasy bolsa eken degen armany bolǵanyn jasyra almaimyz. Alaida ýaqyt óte kele Semei jeri adam sengizsiz qiyndyqtarǵa tap boldy.
Qazaq eli úshin kieli mekende 40 jyl qaiǵy-qasiret alyp kelgen iadrolyq qarýdyń synaq alańyna ainaldy. Ziianyn sózben aityp jetkizý óte qiyn. Osy zulmatty toqtatý úshin el bolyp "Nevada-Semei" antiiadrolyq qozǵalysyn qurdyq.
Máskeý qalasynda synaqtardyń adam ómirine, qorshaǵan ortaǵa orasan zor zardabyn aita kele, Lev Tolstoi ómir súrgen Iasnaia poliana Orys halqy úshin qandai qymbat bolsa, alyptar dúniege kelgen qazaq úshin de Semei de rýhaniiattyń ordasy ekenin tilge tiek ettim. Mine osyndai jerde iadrolyq qarýdy synaý, poligon jasaý bul ultqa, mádenietimizge, tarihymyzǵa degen qurmetsizdik dep jetkizdim.
Iá, Semei iadrolyq poligony jabylǵanda, qala oblys ortalyǵy bolatyn. Qazir aýdan siiaqty. Bul qandai progess? Eki jyl buryn Semeide boldym. Jaiqalyp turǵan shahardy kórmedim.
Halyqtyń kóńil kúiide túsken. Bizdiń rýhani astanamyz emes pe. Qalanyń mańyzdylyǵyn joǵaltpai, qalpyna keltirip, tarihi statýs mártebesin bekitý kerekpiz. Tarihi ádildik ornap, Semeidei shahardyń qadirin bileiik.Kesh qalyp júrmeiik. bolashaǵy jarqyn bolsa eken deimin.
Qýanysh RAHMETOLLAULY
