Ǵylym ordasy – qazaq ǵylymynyń altyn dińgegi, elimizdiń rýhani jáne ǵylymi ómirindegi asa mańyzdy mekeme. Ol tek ótkenniń qundy murasyn saqtap qoimai, búgingi ǵylymi jańalyqtar men bolashaqqa baǵyttalǵan irgeli zertteýlerdiń ortalyǵy retinde qyzmet atqarady.
Ǵylym ordasynyń negizi HH ǵasyrdyń ortasynda qalandy. 1946 jyly Qazaq KSR Ǵylym akademiiasy qurylyp, onyń tuńǵysh prezidenti bolyp akademik Qanysh Imantaiuly Sátbaev taǵaiyndaldy. Ult ǵylymynyń negizin qalaýshy Q.Sátbaevtyń bastamasymen túrli saladaǵy ǵylymi institýttar men zerthanalar ashylyp, ǵylymi kadrlar daiarlaý júiesi qalyptasty. Qazirgi Ǵylym ordasy – sol tarihi keshenniń zańdy jalǵasy. 1948–1957 jyldary keńestik klassikalyq sáýlet úlgisimen salynǵan keshen 12 pavilonnan turady, quramyna birneshe ǵylymi-zertteý institýttary men tórt mýzei kiredi. Munda 377 oryndyq úlken konferents-zal, 120 oryndyq shaǵyn konferents-zal, 267 oryndyq kontsert zaly jáne qysqy baq ornalasqan.
Búginde Ǵylym ordasy irgeli zertteýlermen qatar mádeni-aǵartýshylyq bastamalarǵa da basa nazar aýdarady. Bul – táýelsiz Qazaqstannyń ǵylymǵa degen qamqorlyǵy men keleshekke degen seniminiń aiǵaǵy. Mekeme tek ǵylymi emes, sonymen qatar ulttyq rýhani, mádeni jáne ziiatkerlik murany saqtap, damytýǵa arnalǵan. Bilim men ǵylymdy úilestire otyryp, mýzei jáne kitaphana baǵytyndaǵy jobalar qatar damýda. Tarihi-mádeni murany keler urpaqqa jetkizý maqsatynda túrli ǵylymi jobalar ázirlenip, olardy tájiribege engizýge airyqsha mán berilip keledi. Sonymen qatar kitaptar men qujattardy jinaqtaý, júieleý jáne olardy kópshilikke qoljetimdi etý arqyly ulttyq ǵylymi aqparat keńistiginiń damýyna úles qosylyp jatyr.
Ǵylym ordasy sheteldik jetekshi ortalyqtarmen – Túrkiia, Iran, AQSh sekildi elderdiń ǵylymi uiymdarymen tyǵyz yntymaqtastyq ornatqan. Túrkiiadaǵy Islam mádenieti men ónerin zertteý ortalyǵy, Irannyń Ulttyq kitaphanasy syndy uiymdarmen áriptestik kásibi tájiribe almasýǵa jol ashty. 2023 jyly QR Ǵylym jáne joǵary bilim ministrliginiń qoldaýymen Restavratsiia jáne konservatsiia ortalyǵy ashylyp, sirek qujattardy saqtaý men qalpyna keltirý isi jańa deńgeige kóterildi. Robot-skanerler men keń formatty qurylǵylardyń kómegimen sirek basylymdardy sapaly ári qaýipsiz tsifrlandyrý isi júielendirildi.
2025–2027 jyldarǵa arnalǵan ǵylymi baǵdarlamalar aiasynda «Qazaqstannyń qoljazba murasy: reestrleý, restavratsiialaý, ǵylymi katalogtaý, tsifrlandyrý jáne keshendi kodikologiialyq zertteý» jobasy usynyldy. Bul joba kitaphana qoryndaǵy qoljazbalardyń ulttyq reestri men ǵylymi sipattamasyn jasap, saqtaý jaǵdaiyn jaqsartýdy kózdeidi. Sonymen qatar restavratsiia ortalyǵy qural-jabdyqtarmen tolyq jabdyqtalyp, mamandardy oqytyp daiarlaityn ortalyqqa ainalmaq. Restavratsiia jumystary qazirgi tańda Resei, Túrkiia, Iran elderiniń tájiribesine negizdelip júzege asýda. Bul protsess kezeń-kezeńimen júredi: qujat aldymen aktimen qabyldanyp, fotofiksatsiia jasalady; keiin zerttelip, shańnan tazalanady; pasporty toltyrylyp, negizgi restavratsiia jumystary atqarylady; sońynda qaitadan fotofiksatsiia jasalyp, qujat saqtaý ornyna qaitarylady. Bul ispen 6 maman ainalysady, onyń ishinde reseilik 20 jyldyq tájiribesi bar diplomdy restavrator, sertifikattalǵan maman jáne ishki daiyndyqtan ótken 4 maman bar. Qazirgi kezde maman tapshylyǵyn joiý maqsatynda arnaiy kýrstar men taǵylymdamalar uiymdastyrylyp keledi.
Ǵylym ordasynyń mýzeilerinde halqymyzdyń ejelgi dáýirden qazirgi zamanǵa deiingi tarihyn beineleitin qundy jádigerler saqtalǵan. Esik qorǵanynan tabylǵan «Altyn adam» kiiminiń qalpyna keltirilgen nusqasy (kóshirmesi), Berel qorymyndaǵy jerleý kamerasynyń rekonstrýktsiiasy men jylqy beinesiniń maketi, Otyrar, Taraz, Quiryqtóbe siiaqty qalalardan tabylǵan arheologiialyq buiymdar – halqymyzdyń bai tarihi murasyn aiǵaqtaidy. Sonymen qatar muraǵat qorynda tarihi mańyzy zor sirek qoljazbalar, qoǵam qairatkerleriniń jeke qujattary men zattary, fotosýretter men basylymdar jinaqtalǵan.
Asa mańyzdy jetistikterdiń biri – Ǵylym ordasy kitaphanasynda saqtalǵan, XVIII ǵasyrda jazylǵan jáne uzyndyǵy 3 metrden asatyn «Handar shejiresi» qoljazbanyń IýNESKO-nyń «Álem jady» halyqaralyq tizimine enýi. Jýyrda bul qundy muraǵa arnaiy sertifikat berildi. Bul – Qazaqstannyń rýhani qazynasyna berilgen halyqaralyq baǵa.
Ortalyq ǵylymi kitaphana qoryn tsifrlandyrý jumystary júieli túrde júrgizilip keledi. 2022 jyldan bastap kitaphana zamanaýi, joǵary jyldamdyqty jáne túrli formatta skanerleitin qurylǵylarmen jabdyqtala bastady. Bul sirek basylymdardy sapaly ári qaýipsiz túrde tsifrlaýǵa múmkindik berdi. Atap aitqanda, avstraliialyq tehnologiia negizinde jasalǵan joǵary ónimdi Skan-robot iske qosyldy. Bul qurylǵy sirek kitaptardy mehanikalyq zaqym keltirmei jyldam ári sapaly óńdeýge jaǵdai jasaidy.
Tsifrlanǵan materialdar arnaiy serverde uzaq merzimge saqtalyp, «Mega Pro» elektrondy katalogy arqyly oqyrmandarǵa qoljetimdi etilýde. Qazirgi tańda kitaphana qorynda 5,8 millionǵa jýyq kitap jinaqtalǵan. 2013–2025 jyldar aralyǵynda 24 149 qujat tsifrlyq formatqa kóshirilip, olardyń muqabasy men alǵashqy 7–10 beti elektrondy nusqaǵa engizildi. Osy qujattardyń qatarynda 9 786 sirek kitap pen 5 552 qoljazba bar. Sonymen qatar dissertatsiialar, avtoreferattar, merzimdi basylymdar, ǵylymi-bibliografiialyq kórsetkishter men Qazaqstan Respýblikasy Ulttyq ǵylym akademiiasynyń birqatar jýrnaldary da tsifrlyq formatta usynylyp otyr.
Qazirgi tańda Ortalyq ǵylymi kitaphana kúrdeli jóndeýden ótip, jaqyn arada jańa keiipte esigin qaita ashpaq. Bul ózgerister oqyrmandarǵa qolaily jaǵdai týǵyzyp qana qoimai, kitap qoryn jańa formatta usynýǵa da múmkindik beredi.
Jańǵyrtý jumystary aiasynda Ǵylym ordasynyń syrtqy qasbeti men shatyry tolyq jóndelip, ishki keńistikter zamanaýi talaptarǵa sai qaita jabdyqtaldy. Ulttyq qundylyqtardy saqtai otyryp, jańa tehnologiialyq sheshimder engizildi: konferents-zaldar, kórme alańdary men kitaphana oqyrman zaldary jańartylyp, zamanaýi sipatqa ie boldy. Sondai-aq energiia únemdeý júieleri, órt qaýipsizdigi men beinebaqylaý infraqurylymy da jańǵyrtylyp, ǵimarattyń qaýipsizdigi men tiimdiligi artty.
Ordamyzdyń aldaǵy josparyna keletin bolsaq, baǵdarlamalyq-nysanaly qarjylandyrý aiasynda úsh joba, sondai-aq 2025–2027 jyldarǵa arnalǵan ǵylymi jáne ǵylymi-tehnikalyq baǵdarlamalar boiynsha granttyq qarjylandyrýǵa bir joba ótinimi daiyndalýda. Olardyń qatarynda Qazaqstandaǵy arheografiialyq zertteýlerdiń tarihi damýy men qazirgi jaǵdaiyn taldaý, Qazaqstannyń qoljazba murasyn reestrleý, restavratsiialaý, ǵylymi katalogtaý jáne tsifrlandyrý jumystary bar. Sonymen qatar paleontologiia, zoologiia, arheologiia jáne arheografiia qorlaryn pánaralyq zertteý josparlanyp otyr. Budan bólek, mámlúk-qypshaq jazba eskertkishterindegi túrkilerdiń jylqyǵa qatysty mádenietin zertteitin joba da kózdelýde.
Ǵylym ordasy – qazaq ǵylymynyń ǵana emes, búkil ulttyq mádeniet pen rýhaniiattyń altyn qazyǵy bolyp qala beredi. Onyń bai tarihy men búgingi qarqyndy damýy elimizdiń ǵylymi áleýetin arttyryp, keleshek urpaqqa mol mura qaldyrýǵa baǵyttalǵan mańyzdy missiiany jalǵastyrýda. Osylaisha, Ǵylym ordasy – ǵasyrlyq tarih pen zamanaýi jańǵyrýdyń toǵysqan tusy. Ol ulttyń ǵylymi jadyn saqtap qana qoimai, jańa býynǵa baǵyt beretin tirekke ainalyp otyr. Rýhani mura men irgeli ǵylymdy ushtastyra otyryp, bul mekeme keleshekke bet alǵan Qazaqstannyń damýyna berik negiz qalaýda.
Ular Muqajanov,
«Ǵylym ordasy» ShJQ RMK bas direktory
