Qazaqstanda Balqash mańynda salynatyn alǵashqy iri atom elektr stantsiiasyn reseilik emes, qytailyq tarap salýy múmkin. Bul týraly qarjy sarapshysy Aibar Oljai málimdedi, dep habarlaidy Dalanews.kz.
Sarapshynyń aitýynsha, Resei qazirgi ekonomikalyq jaǵdaida iri iadrolyq jobalarǵa qarjy bóle almaidy.
“Iadrolyq triadasynyń úshinshi komponenti, strategiialyq aviatsiiasynyń keminde 40 paiyzynan airylyp otyrǵan Resei úshin endi syrtqy jobalardy qarjylandyrý óte qiyn bolady. Federaldy biýdjette defitsittiń artqanyn jáne ál-aýqat qorynda nebary 37 milliard dollardyń qalǵanyn eskersek, Resei endi osy qalǵan kapitaldy tek ishki máselelerin retteýge jumsaýdan basqa amaly joq. Demek, Rosatomǵa federaldy bilik nemese Ortalyq bank qarjylai dym kómektese almaidy. Al Rosatomnyń ózinde 2023 jyldan bastap EBITDA-ǵa shaqqandaǵy qaryz úlesi tym artyp, sistemalyq qarjy krizisiniń kóleńkesi kórine bastaǵan. Jaz aiyna jetse de, Rosatom 2024 jylǵy qarjylyq esebin jariialamady. Tipti jariialamaýy da múmkin.”, — dedi Oljai.
Reseidiń usynysy boiynsha Qazaqstan AES qurylysyn VOO (Build–Own–Operate) júiesimen júzege asyrýy tiis edi. Bul model Túrkiiada “Aqquiý” AES jobasynda qoldanylǵan. Alaida sarapshynyń pikirinshe, Rosatom bir mezgilde eki AES (Túrkiia jáne Qazaqstan) turǵyzýǵa ekonomikalyq jaǵynan daiyn emes.
“Bul “Build — Own — Operate”, iaǵni “óziń sal, óziń ielik et, óziń júrgiz” sistemasy. Rosatom Aqqýiý AES-in óz aqshasyna turǵyzady, ózi qojaiyny bolady jáne jumysyn júrgizip otyrady. Túrkiia tek qana olardan bekitilgen tarif boiynsha kelisilgen ýaqytqa deiin elektr energiiasyn satyp almaq. Túrkiia úshin bul keremet qolaily boldy. Qurylys zakazdaryn alǵan jergilikti kompaniialary jaqsy aqsha tabýda. Aqquiý AES-i bergen elektr toǵyn qymbatqa Eýropaǵa satyp, arasynan da aqsha taýyp otyrmaq. Bastysy qurylysqa bir tiyn jumsamady. Bizge de tek osy júie kerek bolǵan. Sebebi Rosatom turǵyzatyn eki dana VVER-1200 reaktorynyń jáne atom stantsiiasy kesheniniń ortaq baǵasy keminde 12 milliard dollarǵa shyǵady. Biz ondai qurylysty óz aqshamyzǵa sala almaimyz. Sebebi artyq aqsha joq.
Dál qazir bir nárse belgili. Rosatom Balqashtaǵy AES-ti VOO júiesimen turǵyza almaidy. Olar Aqquiýdi áli salyp bitirgen joq. Eki birdei AES-ti bir mezette óz qarjysyna salýǵa Rosatomnyń qaýqary jetpeidi. Sol sebepti Kreml "Qazaqstannyń Ulttyq qoryndaǵy qarjyny paidalanaiyq" degen biz úshin múlde qisynsyz usynyspen qaita-qaita mazalap ketti. Máskeýge endi baiaǵydai óz yqpalynyń artýy úshin qarjyny aiamai bóle alatyndai zaman joq. Ózderi naqty keshke muń bolyp otyr. Al bizdiń Ulttyq qor – naqty kesh.”, — dep qosty ol.
Osy jaǵdaidy bilgen Qytai tarapy balama usynys bildirgen.
“Ótken aptada Rosatomnyń bul jaǵdaiyn bilip otyrǵan Qytaidyń iadrolyq qaýipsizdik boiynsha ulttyq basqarmasynyń tóraǵasy Dýn Baotýn Qazaqstandy tyǵyryqtan shyǵara alatyn usynys ákeldi. Qytaidyń ulttyq iadrolyq korporatsiiasy – CNNC 5,5 milliard dollarǵa tolyǵymen daiyn AES salyp berýge daiyn. Ekinshiden ol tez, iaǵni 5 jyldyń ishinde salynatyn bolady. Úshinshiden, Qytaidyń Eksim banki ol qarjyny kredit túrinde bere alady. Eksimniń bizdegi infraqurylymdyq jobalarǵa qarjyny iýanmen SOFR + 1.2% stavkasymen berip júrgenin eskersek, biz úshin kredit baǵasy jyldyq 5,5% ústememen shyǵady. Reseige Ulttyq qorymyzdy berip, jem bolyp, óz qaltamyzdan 12 milliard dollar tólep Rosatomdy baiytqansha, tiyn shyǵarmai Qytai kreditimen 5,5 milliard dollarǵa áldeqaida zamanaýi, tehnologiialyq HUALONG atom elektr stantsiiasyn salyp alǵanymyz tiimdi. Muny Qazaqstan úkimeti de jaqsy bilip otyr. Sondyqtan Balqashtaǵy tuńǵysh úlken AES-ti Qytai salatyn bolady. Meniń oiymsha, bul másele osy aptada túpkilikti sheshilýi tiis. Jáne maýsymnyń aiaǵynda resmi málimdeme jasalady”, — dedi Oljai.
Sarapshy Qazaqstan bul usynysty qabyldasa, AES óz tabysy arqyly qaryzdy qaitarýǵa qaýqarly ekenin atap ótti. Sonymen qatar Reseige Kýrchatov qalasynda shaǵyn modýldi AES turǵyzý usynylýy múmkin. Bul joba 1,6 mlrd dollarǵa baǵalanyp otyr.
“HUALONG AES-i ózin-ózi aqtap, óziniń operatsiialyq jumysynan kreditin qaitaryp bere alatyn siiaqty. 2024 jyly tutynýshylar úshin elektr energiiasynyń eń arzan tarify kilovatt/saǵatyna 26,7 teńge boldy. AES iske qosylatyn 2030 jyldary ol kilovat-saǵatty 7 tsentten satady dep boljasaq, bir jylda 1,2 milliard dollar vyrýchka ala alady. Onyń jartysyn kreditti óteýge jiberip otyrsa, 10 jylda ońai tólep bitpek.
Qazaqstan Reseige shaǵyn priz retinde Kýrchatovta týra Ózbekstan siiaqty 4 RITM-N reaktorynan qurylǵan shaǵyn modýldi AES salyp berýdi usynýy múmkin. Onyń qýaty 330 MVT, demek bizdiń Óskemen men Semeidegi elektr tapshylyǵyn tolyq sheship bere alady. Shamamen 1,6 milliard dollar qajet. Biraq onyń jarasy jeńil”, — dep qosty ol.
Onyń pikirinshe, maýsym aiynyń sońyna qarai Qazaqstan biligi resmi málimdeme jasaidy.
“Osylaisha Astana ózi úshin eń tiimdi joldy tańdap, Qytai men Resei arasyndaǵy balansty da utymdy sheshe alady. Qazaq diplomatiiasynyń úzdik álemdik praktikalaryn eskere otyryp, dál osylai bolatynyna esh kúmán joq. Qytai Balqashty alsa, al Resei Kýrchatov jobasyna dán riza bolsa, onda Qasym-Jomart Kemelulynyń zor tájiribesi men ult dep soqqan júregi syn saǵatynda qazaq memleketiniń múddesi jolynda sońyna deiin kúreskeni tarih betterinde altyn áriptermen jazylatyn bolady. Kerek kezinde Satqalievke kirip shyqqan Dýn Baotýnnyń esimi de umyt qalmaidy dep oilaimyn”, — dedi ol.
