Elbasy jáne Qazaqstan ǵylym
Oraiy kelgende aita ketýimiz kerek Elbasy Nursultan Nazarbaevtyń tikelei basshylyǵymen júzege asqan «Bolashaq» baǵdarlamasy da jastardyń ǵylymǵa bet buryp, otandyq ǵylymnyń órisin keńeitýge barynsha yqpal etti. Búginde «Bolashaq» baǵdarlamasynyń túlekteri memlekettik qyzmettiń san qyrly salasynda eńbek etip, elimizge paidasyn tigizip keledi.
«Bolashaq» túlekteriniń otandyq ǵylymǵa tigizip otyrǵan paidasy jaiynda aitsaq, eń aldymen aýyzǵa «Ulttyq memlekettik ǵylymi-tehnikalyq saraptama ortalyǵy» AQ-nyń Memlekettik ǵylymi-tehnikalyq saraptama basqarmasynda «Bolashaq» baǵdarlamasy boiynsha sheteldiń aldyńǵy qatarly elderinde bilim alǵan jastar jumys istep, qazaqstandyq ǵalymdardyń memlekettik qarjylandyrýǵa usynylǵan ǵylymi jobalaryna ǵylymi saraptama jasaýda AQSh, Eýropa, Japoniia syndy damyǵan elderdiń ǵalymdaryn tartyp, elimiz úshin mańyzy zor jumystardy abyroimen atqaryp otyrǵanyn atap aitýǵa bolady.
Iá, bizden basqa JOO men kóptegen ǵylymi ortalyqtarda da «Bolashaqtyń» túlekteri tynymsyz eńbek etip, Qazaqstan ǵylymnyń álemdik ǵylymi qoǵamdastyqpen yntymaqtastyq damytýǵa bar kúsh-jigerin jumsap júrgenin kúndelikti ómirde kórip júrmiz. Bul – táýelsizdik jyldary bir ǵana ǵylym salasynda oryn alǵan irgeli ózgeristiń biri. Memleket basshysy «Bolashaq» baǵdarlamasyn qabyldaǵanda onyń osyndai nátijeli isterge jol ashatynyn áýel bastan baiqaǵany anyq. Sondyqtan memlekettik deńgeide qabyldanyp, áli kúnge deiin jaǵasyn taýyp otyrǵan «Bolashaq» baǵdarlamasy Qazaqstannyń básekege qabiletti 30 eldiń qatyryna kirý úshin barynsha yqpal etip otyrǵanyn baiqaýǵa bolady.
Endigi kezekte sózimizdi naqty sandarmen tuzdyqtai tússek. Táýelsizdik jyldary otandyq ǵylymdy damytýǵa respýblikamyzda jáne shetelderde oqyp bilim alǵan biliktiligi joǵary mamandar tartylyp, 2016 jyldyń ózinde 7,5 myńǵa jýyq zertteýshi ǵylymi dárejege ie boldy. Osylaisha Qazaqstanda ǵylymǵa bet burǵan adamdardyń sany arta túskenin baiqaimyz. Qazaqstan Respýblikasynyń memlekettik statistikasynyń derekterine kóz júgirtsek, 2016 jyly ǵylymi zertteý jáne zerttemelerdi oryndaýmen 383 mekeme shuǵyldanǵan, bul 2012 jylmen salystyrǵanda (345) 38-ge artyq.
QR Bilim jáne ǵylym ministrliginiń júrgizigen mańyzdy reformalarynyń arqasynda qazir Qazaqstan ǵylymy jasaryp kele jataqany kóńil qýantatyn da aita ketýimiz kerek. Statistikalyq derekterge kóz salǵan adam qazirgi tańda 35 jasqa deiingi jas mamandar elimizdegi jalpy ǵylymmen ainalysýshylardyń úshten birin qurap otyrǵanyn baiqaidy. 2016 jyly olardyń úlesi 35,5% nemese jalpy ǵalymdardyń 8 myńyn tolyqtyrady. Jas ǵalymdarymyzdyń óz bilimin el ekonomikasyn damytýǵa jumsaǵany bizdi de qatty qýantady. Osy rette joǵary oqý oryndarynda ǵylymmen ainalysýshy jas mamandarǵa qajeti jalaqy men qural-jabdyqtarmen qamtamasyz etýde kóptegen jumystar atqaryp, barynsha jaǵdai jasaǵanyn atap aitýǵa bolady.
Elbasy Nursultan Nazarbaev elimizde ǵylym men bilimge umtylǵan jastardyń artýyna barynsha múddelilik tanytyp keledi. Bul rette Prezidenttiń tikelei qoldaýymen Astana tórinde Nazarbaev ýniversitetiniń boi kóterip, elimizde mańdai aldy mamandar daiarlaityn bilim oshaǵynyń paida bolýy ǵylym men bilim salasyna jasalǵan úlken qoldaý dep bilemiz. Qazirgi tańda «Nazarbaev Ýniversiteti» bilikti maman ǵana daiyndap otyrǵan joq. Sonymen qatar otandyq ǵylymnyń órisin keńeitýge de barynsha kúsh salyp keledi. Bir sózben aitsaq, «Nazarbaev Ýniversiteti» ǵylym Qazaqstandaǵy mańdaialdy ǵylymi-zertteý ýniversitetteriniń kóshin bastap kele jatqanyn baiqaýǵa bolady.
«Nazarbaev Ýniversiteti» innovatsiialyq zertteý qyzmetin júrgizýge baǵyttalǵan qazirgi zamanǵa sai, kúshti ǵylymi infraqurylymy bar irgeli oqý oryn. Búginde ýniversitetke eń úzdik ulttyq jáne halyqaralyq zertteýshiler shaqyrylyp, olarǵa shyǵarmashylyq qyzmetti júzege asyrý úshin barlyq qajetti jaǵdailar jasalynýda. Osylaisha Qazaqstan Prezidenti Nursultan Nazarbaevtyń 2009 jyly halyqaralyq deńgeidegi ýniversitet qurý týraly bastamasy tolyqtai iske asyp, irgeli bilim ordasy qazaq ǵylymy men bilimniń kóshin órge súirep keledi.
«Sońǵy 3 jylda ǵylymǵa 100 mlrd teńge bólindi. Aldaǵy ýaqytta bul ustanymnan ainymai, ǵylymnyń qarqyndy dami berýine jaǵdai jasai beretin bolamyz», – degen bolatyn Qazaqstan Prezidenti N. Nazarbaev QR Ulttyq ǵylym akademiiasynyń 70 jyldyq mereitoiyna arnalǵan QR UǴA-nyń Jalpy jinalysynyń saltanatty sessiiasynda.
Búginde ǵylymdy damytý boiynsha ashylǵan jańalyqtardy óz elimizde ǵana paidalaný emes, ony álemdik ǵylymi qaýymdastyqtyń talqysyna salyp, paidalysyn alyp, nátije shyǵarý mańyzdy. Bul rette sońǵy 5 jyl ishinde elimizdiń ǵalymdarynyń sheteldik reitingi joǵary basylymdarda maqalalaryn jariialaýy aitarlyqtai ósken.
Qazirgi kóz ilespes jyldamdyqpen damyǵan zamanda aqparattyq tehnologiialar ǵylymnyń damýy baǵytyn túbegeili ózgertkeni belgili. Búginde ǵylymdy ǵylymi aqparatsyz kózge elestetý múmkin emes. Álemde oryn alǵan osy bir úrdisti basshylyqqa alǵan Memleket basshysy Nursultan Nazarbaev Qazaqstan ǵylymynyń kóshten qalyp qoimaýy úshin otandyq ǵalymdar men ǵylymi uiymdardyń (JOO men ǴZI) dúniejúzilik aqparttyq resýrstaryna Ulttyq jazylymdy uiymdastyrý isine yqpal etkeni belgili.
Osylaisha qazaq ǵylymy básekege qabilettiligin ushtai túsý úshin memleket qazynasynan qarjy bólinip, ǵylymi yntmaqtastyqtyń aiasy keńi tústi. Qazaqstan ǵalymdarynyń halyqaralyq ǵylymi málimetter bazasyna qol jetimdiligin arttyrýda «Ulttyq memlekettik ǵylymi-tehnikalyq saraptama ortalyǵy» AQ-na mańyzdy mindet júktelgen bolatyn. Búginde ortalyq halyqaralyq ǵylymi-tehnikalyq aqparattarǵa qol jetimdilikti qamtamasyz etip, Qazaqstan ǵylymnyń zaman aǵymyna sai damýyna barynsha úles qosyp keledi. Qazaqstan Úkimeti otandyq ǵalymdardyń halyqaralyq ǵylymi málimetter bazasyna qol jetimdiligin arttyrý úshin qyrýar qarjy jumsap, ǵylymnyń damýyna kóńil bólýde.
Qazaqstan 2011 jyly qazan aiynda Springer Nature jáne Clarivate Analytics (erterekte Thomson Reuters-tiń ǵylym jáne ziiatkerlik menshik jónindegi bólimshesi) kompaniiasymen tarihi kelisimge qol qoiǵan bolatyn. Mine, sodan beri ǵalymdarymyz, elimizdegi ǵylymi mekemeler men joǵary oqý oryndary halyqaralyq ǵylymi málimetter bazasyn memlekettiń qoldaýynyń arqasynda tegin paidalanyp keledi. Bul – memlekettiń otandyq ǵylymnyń básekege qabilettiligin qamtamasyz etýde úlken qoldaý bolǵanyn moiyndaýymyz kerek.
Ǵalymdarymyzdyń ǵylymi málimetterdi tiimdi paidalanyp, ǵylymdy damytýda UMǴTSO qyzmetkerleri bar kúsh-jigerlerin jumsap keledi. Qazirgi tańda ǵylymi-zertteý jumystarmen ainalysatyn ǵalymdarymyz Clarivate Analytics jáne Springer kompaniiasynyń ǵylymi málimetterine júginýdiń mańyzy zor ekenin túsingen. Osylaisha «UMǴTSO» AQ ujymy Elbasy Nursultan Nazarbaev júktegin mańyzdy tapsyrmany óz deńgeiinde oryndap, otandyq ǵalymdardyń básekege qabiletti bolýyna bar kúsh-jigerin jumsap keledi. Bul baǵytta atqarylǵan jumystardy sarapqa salǵan adam, Elbasy Nursultan Nazarbaevtyń ǵylymdy damytýdaǵy arman-maqsatynyń iske asqanyn anyq ańǵarady.
Endigi kezekte bul baǵytta qol jetkizgen jetistikterimizdi naqtylap, áńgimelei ketsek. Búginde «UMǴTSO» AQ-y elimizdegi ǵylym men bilim mekemeleriniń halyqaralyq málimetter bazasyn qalai paidalanyp jatqanyna udaiy taldaý jumystary men monitoring júrgizip turady. Endigi kezekte elimizdegi qaisy ǵylymi uiym sheteldik ǵylymi málimetter qoryn qanshalyqty qoldanyp jatyr degen suraqqa jaýap bersek. Aitalyq, Web of Science aqparattyq resýrsyn qoldanýda UMǴTSO, ál-Farabi atyndaǵy QazUÝ, L.N. Gýmilev atyndaǵy Eýraziialyq Ulttyq ýniversiteti, «Nazarbaev Ýniversiteti» jáne S. Seifýllin atyndaǵy Qazaq agrotehnikalyq ýniversiteti top bastap keledi. Al elimizdegi ǵylymi ortada eń tanymal Springer bazasy boiynsha, «Nazarbaev Ýniversiteti», Neiohirýrgiia ortalyǵy, Q.Iaassaýi atyndaǵy halyqaralyq qazaq-túrki ýniversiteti, ál-Farabi atyndaǵy QazUÝ, Ǵylym ordasynyń Ǵylymi kitaphanasy aldyńǵy orynda turǵanyn baiqaimyz.
Sonynmen qatar, Qazaqstandyq jariialanymdarǵa qyzyǵýshylyqtyń artýyn ortasha siltemelik kórsetkishter arqyly kórýge bolady. Máselen, 2011 jyly kórsetkish 0,49-dan bolsa, 2016 jyly 0,84-ke artyp, álemdik ortasha deńgei 1,0-ge jetti.
Búginde Qazaqstanda joǵary deńgeide damyǵan ǵylymnyń fizika, himiia syndy salalary da óziniń qarqyndy damýyn joǵaltqan joq. Al jańa baǵyttaǵy jańa nanotehnologiia, jasandy intellekt, neirotehnologiia, biomeditsina salalarynda da jan-jaqty damyp, álemdik dárejedegi ólshemder boiynsha joǵary ǵylymi nátijelerge qol jetkizip keledi. Bizdiń bul sózimizge zertteýshi-ǵalymdarymyzdyń fizika, himiia, meditsina, qorshaǵan ortany qorǵaý, zoologiia, robot jasaý, biologiia jáne biohimiia, agrarlyq ǵylym salalary boiynsha 1% joǵary siltemelik kórsetkishterge ie bolǵan jumystary aiqyn dálel bola alady.
Osy rette 2011 jyly 18 aqpanda Elbasy qol qoiǵan «Ǵylym týraly» Zań da ǵylymi jobalardy qarjylandyrýdyń aiqyndap bergen bolatyn. Bul – zań ǵylymi jumystardy baǵalaýdyń ádil normasyn engizip, móldirlikti qalyptastyrdy desek artyq aitqandyq bolmas edi. Táýelsizdik jyldary ǵylymnyń órisin keńeitken bul baǵyttar boiynsha ǵalymdardyń ózi ádil baǵasyn berip otyrǵanyn bilemiz. Osy rette sózimiz dáleldi bolýy úshin Matematika jáne matematikalyq modeldeý institýtynyń direktory, akademik Tynysbek Kálmenovtiń myna bir pikirin mysalǵa keltirsek bolady. «Ǵylymi saraptamanyń qandai paidasy bolǵanyn ózimniń mamandyǵym – matematika ǵylymymen bailanystyryp aitqanym jón shyǵar. Keńes zamanynda Qazaqstannyń matematika salasy Odaq boiynsha orystar men ýkrainderden keiingi úshinshi orynda turdy. Al toqsanynshy toqyraý jyldary segiz, toǵyzynshy orynǵa deiin tómendegen edi. Al ǵylymi jumystarǵa ǵylymi-tehnikalyq saraptama júrgizize bastaǵaly beri Qazaqstanda matematika ǵylymy joǵary deńgeide damý úrdisin joǵaltpaǵanyn baiqadyq. Buǵan matematika ǵalymdarymyzdyń sheteldik sarapshylardyń qaraýyna jiberilgen ǵylymi jumystarynyń basym bóligi joǵary balǵa ie boldy. Osy saraptamanyń arqasynda qazaq ǵylymnyń damý degeii qandai dárejede ekenin baǵamdadyq. Budan bólek álemdik ǵylymi keńistikpen yntymaqtastyǵymyz arta tústi. Qazaq ǵalymdary impakt-faktory joǵary ǵylymi jýrnaldaryna ǵylymi eńbekteri jaiynda maqala jariialap, joǵary siltemelik kórsetkishke ie boldy. Osylaisha TMD elderi arasynda ǵylymi-tehnikalyq saraptama júiesin jetildirgen birden-bir el atandyq. Qazirgi tańda kórshiles elder bizdiń jolymyzǵa túsip jatyr. Óz basym muny Táýelsizdik jyldary ǵylymdy damytýdaǵy sátti reformanyń biri dep esepteimin», – degen bolatyn.
Qazirgi talap boiynsha qarjylandyrýǵa usynylǵan ǵylymi jumysty eki sheteldik, bir qazaqstandyq sarapshy qarap shyǵyp, retsenziia jazady. Munda olardyń aty-jóni qupiia saqtalady. Budan keiin ár baǵyt boiynsha Ǵylymi keńestiń músheleri sarapshylardyń ǵylymi joba jaiyndaǵy rentsenziiasymen tanysyp, sheshim qabyldaidy. Sheteldik sarapshylardyń ǵylymi jumysqa ádil baǵasyn beretini belgili. Búginde «UMǴTSO» AQ-y ǵylymi jumystarǵa saraptama jasaý úshin ǵylymy joǵary deńgeide órkendegin AQSh, Batys Eýropa, Japoniia syndy elderindegi ǵalymdar tartyp otyry. Olar álemdik ǵylymi úrdistiń qai baǵytta damyp jatqanyn eskerip, qazaq ǵalymdarynyń ǵylymi eńbekterin ádil baǵasyn berip keledi. QR Bilim jáne ǵylym ministrligi Elbasy Nursultan Nazarbaevtyń tikelei bastamasymen iske asyrǵan ǵylymi jobalardy baǵalaý isi búginde óz jemisin berip otyr deýge tolyq negiz bar.
Elbasy Nursultan Nazarbaev QR Ulttyq ǵylym akademiiasynyń 70 jyldyq mereitoiyna arnalǵan saltanatty jiynda sóilegen sózinde elimizdegi ǵylymi jýrnaldardyń sapasyn arttyryp, olardyń halyqaralyq ǵylymi málimetter qorymen ytmaqtastyǵyn qamtamasyz etýdi tapsyrǵany esimizde. Qazirgi tańda «UMǴTSO» AQ bul baǵytta da qyzý jumystar júrgizip keledi. Bul rette ǵalymdarymyz ǵylymi maqalalaryn aǵylshyn tilinde jazyp, ǵylymi eńbekterdi álemdik aqparattyq resýrstarǵa engizýdiń mańyzy zor.
Kúni keshe ǵana «EKSPO – 2017» kórmesiniń jabylý saltanaty aiasynda IÁU-nyń Ǵylym jáne tehnologiialar jónindegi birinshi Sammitinde Elbasy Islam elderi basshylarynan ǵylymdy damytýdyń naqty josparyn júzege asyrýdyń ózektiligin aityp, IÁU-nyń arnaiy keńesin qurýdy usynǵan bolatyn. Óitkeni ǵalymdar memleket qoldaýynsyz óz jańalyqtary men ónertabystaryn alǵa jyljyta almaidy. Jáne bir ǵana memlekettiń bul máselemen ainalysýy álemdik máselelerdi sheshýge qaýqarsyz. Sondyqtan Nursultan Nazarbaev Islam memleketterindegi ǵylym men ekonomikanyń damýyna jańa serpin beretin «Úlken jiyrmalyq» balamasyn qurýdy usyndy.
Ǵylym salasy boiynsha básekelestik ortany qalyptastyryp, óz salasy boiynsha naqty nátije beretin bilimdi mamandarǵa barynsha qoldaý kórsetip otyrǵan Nursultan Nazarbaev aldaǵy jyldarda da ǵylymdy damytýǵa barynsha kóńil bóle beretini sózsiz.
Nurbai Murat
